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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Orange Volunteers (1972) ： ウィキペディア英語版 Orange Volunteers (1972) The Orange Volunteers (OV) was a loyalist vigilante group with a paramilitary structure active in Northern Ireland during the early 1970s. It took its name from the Orange Order, from which it drew the bulk of its membership. ==Formation== The group was established in 1972〔Jim Cusack & Henry McDonald, ''UVF'', Poolbeg, 1997, p. 105〕 as a paramilitary movement for members of the Orange Order.〔Steve Bruce, ''The Red Hand'', Oxford University Press, 1992, p. xi〕 Many of its members had previously served in the British Army.〔 Full details of its early membership are sketchy, although its strength was estimated at between 200 and 500 members, most of whom were concentrated in East Belfast and Sandy Row, with some outlying groups in North Down and East Antrim.〔Cusack & McDonald, ''UVF'', pp. 105-106〕 The group was close to the Ulster Vanguard and provided security at some of its rallies, a task usually undertaken by the Vanguard Service Corps.〔W.D. Flackes & Sydney Elliott, ''Northern Ireland A Political Directory 1968-1993'', The Blackstaff Press, 1994, p. 258〕 Following their formation the group was endorsed by leading Orangeman George Watson. However, the Reverend Martin Smyth was not prepared to fully associate the Orange Order with a paramilitary group and so the OV did not receive its official public endorsement.〔Eric P. Kaufmann, ''The Orange Order: A Contemporary Northern Irish History'', Oxford University Press, 2007, p. 82〕 The leader of the group was Bob Marno, who was also an active figure in the Loyalist Association of Workers.〔Bruce, ''The Red Hand'', p. 85〕 Marno represented the OV on the Ulster Army Council following the establishment of that group in 1973.〔Bruce, ''The Red Hand'', p. 95〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Orange Volunteers (1972)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.